TCAR is a minimally invasive, hybrid surgical procedure used to treat carotid artery disease (blockages) in patients at high risk for traditional open surgery (carotid endarterectomy).
TCAR EXAM
1. –
ADDS deceleration distance
2. Which of the following statements best describes knife wounds ______, the temporary cavity
_____, and drainage ________.
-
Low; is significant; is limited to structures directly in object’s path
3. In the days following an impalement injury, care providers must frequently assess a patient for
signs of which common complication?
-
Infection
4. Injury to which body structure is common delayed finding in the blast trauma patient?
- Bowel
5. Shock occurs when
-
Cellular oxygen demand is greater than supply
6. _____ shock is the most common type of shock immediately after traumatic injury.
-
Hypovolemic
7. Which of the following findings suggest a patient is experiencing cardiogenic shock?
-
Tachycardia (HIGH SHOCK INDEX), mottling and hypotension
8. One week after hospital admission, a multitrauma patient becomes progressively tachycardic and
hypotensive. Pulse pressure is wide. The most likely explanation finding is
-
Septicemia
9. Normalizing a trauma patient’s body temperature helps control bleeding because hypothermia
-
Causes platelet dysfunction and clotting system failure
10. What are the 3 components of the “trauma triad of death”?
-
Coagulopathy, hypothermia and acidosis
11. Compensatory responses to shock include
-
Vasoconstriction, tachycardia and oliguria
12. What are the 4 factors that determine a patient’s cardiac output?
-
Heart rate, preload, contractility, and afterload
13. Trauma resuscitation is considered complete when hemorrhage is controlled, the patient has
normal vital signs, and
-
Aerobic metabolism has been reestablished
14. The patient with posterior rib fractures is at the highest risk for a noncomitant fracture to which
other thoracic bony structure?
-
T-spine
15. A motorcyclist rode into a curb at high speed. The rider’s chest was thrown against the
handlebars. Which of the following assessment findings indicates the patient has a flail chest?
-
Paradoxical movement of the chest wall
16. Pulmonary contusions cause a problem at what point on the tissue oxygenation cascade?
-
Diffusion
17. Which of the following is the most common intervention for the care of the patient with
subcutaneous emphysema?
-
Observation and reassessment
18. 15 hours after a motor vehicle collision, an unrestrained driver experiences frequent irregular
heartbeats. The most likely cause of this finding is injury to the
-
Right ventricle
19. In the chest trauma patient, which of the following findings is the earliest indicator of cardiac
tamponade?
-
Elevated heart rate
20. In the patient with blunt chest trauma, what simple assessment can be used to screen for thoracic
aortic injury?
-
Bilateral upper extremities BP measurements
21. Cryoprecipitate is administered to the hemorrhage trauma patient chiefly to replace
-
Fibrinogen
22. HOLD
23. Hyperkalemia and Hypocalcemia
24.
Ionized Calcium
25.
Calculate MAP
26.
Calculate Shock Index
27. When blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg, pulse pressure is
-
40 mm Hg
28. A trauma nurse notes bilateral flank bruising 24 hours after a patient was admitted. Which of the
following injuries is most likely?**
-
Kidney laceration
29. A bicyclist collided with a parked car and sustained a handlebar blow to the epigastrium. 36 hours
after the event, which of the following findings suggests pancreatic injury?
-
Lipase level elevation
30. The goals of damage control surgery in the trauma patient include all of the following EXCEPT
-
Repair all anatomical injuries
31. When 500 mL of plasma is infused into a non-bleeding patient, approximately how much of that
volume will remain in the vascular space 60 minutes later?***
-
500 mL
32. Common causes of non-hemorrhagic fluid loss in the trauma patient during the post-resuscitation
phase of care include
-
Diarrhea and hypertonic enteral formulas
33. The primary goal of early, small-volume, enteral feeding is to support the intestinal mucosa and
reduce
-
Bacterial and toxin translocation
34. Clinical findings that suggest sepsis development in the trauma patient include
-
Tachycardia, widened pulse pressure, and tachypnea
35. Four days post injury, a polytrauma patient has the following vital signs BP 97/54; HR 133/min;
RR 22/min. Urine output is 12 mL/hr. Skin is cool and mottled. The pulse oximeter is not sensing
dependably. These findings suggest
-
Early sepsis
36. A patient involved in a head-on motor vehicle collision was restrained with a 3-point seatbelt.
There is a bruising across the patient’s abdomen at the level of the umbilicus. The nurse will
carefully monitor this patient for signs of injury to the
-
Mesentery, duodenum, and pancreas
37. A construction worker was pinned under a heavy beam for several hours. He has compartment
syndrome of the right forearm. The trauma nurse will closely monitor this patient for signs of
rhabdomyolysis, including
-
Dark-colored urine and dropping urine output
38. Treatment of prerenal failure in the trauma patient chiefly involves
-
Refilling the vascular space
39. A previously healthy young adult was thrown from a horse and sustained complex orthopedic
injuries. Which of the following dietary discharge instructions is appropriate for this patient>
-
Eat a standard diet but increase total calories, protein, and calcium-rich foods
40. In the patient with an open fracture, IV antibiotics significantly decrease the risk of osteomyelitis, if
administered within ______ of hospital arrival.
-
1 hour
41. An 82-year old man is admitted to the hospital after falling down 2 steps. The patient is alert and
oriented and has several minor bruises and abrasions. Which of the following vital sign findings
would be most concerning?
-
Heart rate 65/min, BP 108/90 mm Hg
42. Two days after a motor vehicle collision, a patient cannot remember the event and complains of
headache and nausea. His brain computed tomography scan is normal. These findings suggest
which type of injury?
-
Concussion
43. In the early post-resuscitation phase of care, interventions for the patient with a diffuse axonal
injury primarily focus on
-
Limiting secondary brain damage
