Network theory concepts are introduced including current, voltage, power, circuit elements, and sign convention. Key circuit elements like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are described as linear, passive elements. Mesh analysis is covered as a method to analyze planar circuits. Transformers are explained as devices that step up or step down voltage via a ratio of coil turns. Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems state that any linear network can be reduced to an equivalent circuit with a voltage
