Control and Coordination by Prashant Kirad

Control and Coordination by Prashant Kirad

Control and Coordination by Prashant Kirad explores the intricate mechanisms of the nervous and endocrine systems in living organisms. This educational resource is designed for Class X students, focusing on key concepts such as neuron structure, reflex arcs, and plant hormones. The material includes multiple-choice questions and detailed explanations to aid in understanding physiological processes. It serves as a valuable study guide for students preparing for examinations in biology, particularly in the areas of control mechanisms and coordination in both animals and plants.

Key Points

  • Explains the structure and function of neurons, including dendrites and axons.
  • Covers the role of hormones in growth and development in plants and animals.
  • Includes multiple-choice questions to reinforce understanding of reflex arcs.
  • Discusses the significance of plant hormones like auxins and gibberellins in growth regulation.
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“Next Year Questions”
Control and
Control and
Coordination
Coordination
PRASHANT KIRAD
Class X
Class X
Q1. A microscopic gap between a pair of adjacent neurons over which nerve
impulses pass is called
(a) neurotransmitter
(b) dendrites
(c) axon
(d) synapse
Q2. Which of the following acts as both endocrine and exocrine gland?
(a) Pancreas
(b) Thyroid
(c) Adrenal
(d) Liver
Q3.The secretion of which hormone leads to physical changes in the body when
you are 10-12 years of age?
(a) Oestrogen from testes and testosterone from ovary.
(b) Estrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from pituitary gland.
(c) Testosterone from testes and estrogen from ovary.
(d) Testosterone from thyroid gland and estrogen from pituitary gland.
Q4. Which plant hormone promotes dormancy in seeds and buds?
(a) Auxin
(b) Gibberellin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Abscisic acid
Q5. Which is the correct sequence of the components of a reflex arc?
(a) Receptors → Muscles → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Spinal cord
(b) Receptors → Motor neuron → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Muscle
(c) Receptors → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Muscle
(d) Receptors → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Muscle
Q6.(a) Draw a neat diagram of a neuron and label (i) dendrite and (ii) axon.
(b) Which part of the human brain is:
(i) the main thinking part of the brain?
(ii) responsible for maintaining the posture and balance of the body?
Q7. State the two types of movements seen in plants. Give one example of each
type.
PRASHANT KIRAD
Control and Coordination
Q8. Name the fluid-filled between the meninges of the brain. What are its
functions?
Q9.A person suffered a head injury, due to which he faces breathing
problems. No problem was detected with his respiratory system. What could
be the cause of this problem?
Q10. Reflex arcs continue to be more efficient for quick responses”. Justify
this statement giving reason
Q11. What are plant hormones? Name the plant hormones responsible for the
following :
(i) Growth of stem
(ii) Promotion of cell division
(iii) Inhibition of growth
(iv) Elongation of cells
Q12.A cheetah, on seeing a prey moves towards him at a very high speed.
What causes the movement of his muscles? How does the chemistry of
cellular components of muscles change during this event
Name of the
hormone
Gland which secretes
the hormone
Functions of the hormone
(i) Thyroxine
Thyroid
_____________
(ii) Growth Hormone
_____________
Regulates growth and
development of the body
(iii) Insulin
Pancreas
_____________
10th Phodenge!
PRASHANT KIRAD
Q13.Complete the following table:
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End of Document
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FAQs of Control and Coordination by Prashant Kirad

What are the main functions of the nervous system?
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body, coordinating voluntary and involuntary actions. It processes sensory information and facilitates responses to stimuli through reflex actions. The system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), each playing critical roles in maintaining homeostasis and enabling communication within the body.
How do reflex arcs function in the human body?
Reflex arcs are neural pathways that mediate reflex actions, allowing for quick responses to stimuli without direct involvement of the brain. They consist of a receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron, and effector. When a stimulus is detected, the sensory neuron transmits the signal to the spinal cord, which immediately relays the response via the motor neuron to the effector, such as a muscle, resulting in a rapid reaction.
What is the role of auxins in plant growth?
Auxins are a class of plant hormones that play a crucial role in regulating growth and development. They promote cell elongation, particularly on the side of the plant that is away from light, causing the plant to bend towards the light source. This process, known as phototropism, helps optimize light absorption for photosynthesis, enhancing the plant's growth and survival.
What are the differences between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, where they travel to target organs to regulate various physiological processes. In contrast, exocrine glands release their secretions through ducts to specific locations, such as sweat glands or salivary glands. Understanding these differences is essential for grasping how hormonal regulation and local signaling contribute to bodily functions.
What types of movements are observed in plants?
Plants exhibit two main types of movements: tropic movements and nastic movements. Tropic movements are directional growth responses to environmental stimuli, such as phototropism, where plants grow towards light. Nastic movements are non-directional responses that occur due to changes in turgor pressure, like the closing of flowers at night. These movements are vital for plant adaptation and survival.

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