
3 THE MUSCLE LADDER
EXERCISE CRITERIA
Before we get into the exercises, let’s talk about
me. Specifically, I want to talk about why the best
exercises for my body and my goals might not be the
best for yours.
For example, the machine chest press is my favorite
chest-building exercise. Maybe it’s yours, too, but
if you care about strength as well as size, it most
likely isn’t the best exercise for your goals. At best, it
might rank third behind barbell and dumbbell bench
presses.
Or maybe you don’t have access to a good chest
press machine. You can’t know if the machine press is
the best exercise for you because it’s not an option.
Then there’s your anatomy. If you’ve seen photos of
me, you may have noticed I don’t have particularly
long arms or legs. I also don’t have any serious
injuries that affect my exercise choices. Your limb
lengths, proportions, and injury history are probably
different from mine, which means some of my
choices might not be the most ideal fit for you. They
might not work as well with your range of motion as
they do with mine, or perhaps they aggravate a knee,
back, or shoulder problem.
To be absolutely clear, the best exercises for me are
not the best for every lifter in every context.
Also keep in mind that these are my favorite exercises
for muscle growth. If I were training for strength or
athletic performance or any other goal, my choices
might be different.
Continuing with the terms and conditions, here
are the general principles that guide my exercise
selection:
• If your goal is to maximize muscular
development, you need a combination of
compound and isolation exercises. It’s not either-
or. It’s both-and.
• There’s no precise ratio of compound to isolation
movements that applies to every bodybuilding
program. In my workouts, I usually use about 50
to 70 percent compound exercises and 30 to 50
percent isolation exercises. Your ratio depends on
your goals, preferences, and experience.
• Compound exercises usually work best early in
a workout. Of course, there can be exceptions,
but most of the time, you want to do the most
technically complex and physically demanding
exercises when you’re fresh and focused.
• Use isolation exercises to fill any gaps in your
workout. If it’s leg day, for example, you might
start your workout with barbell back squats,
which work just about every lower-body muscle
to some degree but primarily hit the quads and
glutes. Isolation exercises like hamstring curls
and calf raises work the muscles you can’t fully
activate with the primary movement.
Here’s what I looked for when choosing the best
exercise for each muscle:
• There’s high tension in the stretched position.
Mounting evidence suggests that this portion of
the lift—the bottom position of a biceps curl, for
example—stimulates more muscle growth than
the “squeeze” portion when your muscles are fully
contracted.
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• It allows for progressive overload. It should be
simple to add weight or reps from week to week.
• It feels good. If you feel pain or discomfort
anywhere in the range of motion, it’s not your
best choice (at least not for now).